Artikel 103: States of emergency; emergency laws; criminal law of war

Artikel 103
  1. The cases in which a state of emergency, as defined by Act of Parliament, may be declared by Royal Decree in order to maintain internal or external security shall be specified by Act of Parliament. The consequences of such a declaration shall be governed by Act of Parliament.
  2. Such a declaration may depart from the provisions of the Constitution relating to the powers of the executive bodies of the provinces, municipalities, public bodies as referred to in Article 132a and water authorities (waterschappen), the basic rights laid down in Article 6, insofar as the exercise of the right contained in this Article other than in buildings and enclosed places is concerned, Articles 7, 8, 9 and 12, paragraphs 2 and 3, Article 13 and Article 113, paragraphs 1 and 3.
  3. Immediately after the declaration of a state of emergency and whenever it considers it necessary, until such time as the state of emergency is terminated by Royal Decree, the States General shall decide the duration of the state of emergency. The two Houses of the States General shall consider and decide upon the matter in joint session.

In andere talen:

English

  1. The cases in which a state of emergency, as defined by Act of Parliament, may be declared by Royal Decree in order to maintain internal or external security shall be specified by Act of Parliament. The consequences of such a declaration shall be governed by Act of Parliament.
  2. Such a declaration may depart from the provisions of the Constitution relating to the powers of the executive bodies of the provinces, municipalities, public bodies as referred to in Article 132a and water authorities (waterschappen), the basic rights laid down in Article 6, insofar as the exercise of the right contained in this Article other than in buildings and enclosed places is concerned, Articles 7, 8, 9 and 12, paragraphs 2 and 3, Article 13 and Article 113, paragraphs 1 and 3.
  3. Immediately after the declaration of a state of emergency and whenever it considers it necessary, until such time as the state of emergency is terminated by Royal Decree, the States General shall decide the duration of the state of emergency. The two Houses of the States General shall consider and decide upon the matter in joint session.

Français

  1. La loi détermine les cas dans lesquels l'état d'exception, à désigner comme tel par la loi, peut être proclamé par décret royal aux fins du maintien de la sécurité extérieure ou intérieure; elle règle les conséquences.
  2. Il peut, à cette occasion, être dérogé aux dispositions de la Constitution concernant les compétences des administrations des communes, des provinces, des entités publiques, comme visé à l’article 132a, et des wateringues, aux droits fondamentaux réglés aux articles 6, pour autant qu’il s’agit de l’exercice en dehors de bâtiments et de lieux fermés du droit décrit dans ce dernier article, 7, 8, 9, 12, paragraphes 2 et 3, et 13, ainsi qu’aux dispositions de l’article 113, paragraphes 1 et 3.
  3. Immédiatement après la proclamation de l'état d'exception, puis, tant que celui-ci n'a pas été levé par décret royal, chaque fois qu'ils le jugent nécessaire, les États généraux décident du maintien de l'état d'exception ; ils délibèrent et statuent en la matière réunis en une seule assemblée.

Deutsch

  1. Es wird durch Gesetz bestimmt, in welchen Fällen zur Aufrechterhaltung der äußeren und inneren Sicherheit durch königlichen Erlass ein durch Gesetz als solcher zu bezeichnender Ausnahmezustand erklärt werden kann; das Gesetz regelt die Folgen.
  2. Dabei kann von den Verfassungsbestimmungen über die Befugnisse der Verwaltungsorgane der Provinzen, Gemeinden, öffentlich-rechtlichen Körperschaften im Sinne des Artikels 132a und Wasserverbände, von den Grundrechten nach Artikel 6, soweit es um die Ausübung des in jenem Artikel beschriebenen Rechts außerhalb von Gebäuden und geschlossenen Räumen geht, nach Artikel 7, 8, 9, 12 Absatz 2 und 3, 13 sowie von Artikel 113 Absatz 1 und 3 abgewichen werden.
  3. Unmittelbar nach der Erklärung des Ausnahmezustands und im Weiteren immer dann - solange der Ausnahmezustand nicht durch königlichen Erlass aufgehoben worden ist -, wenn sie es für notwendig erachten, entscheiden die Generalstaaten über seine Fortdauer und beraten und beschließen darüber in einer Vollversammlung.

Español

  1. La ley determinará en qué casos podrá proclamarse, a fin de mantener la seguridad exterior o interior, por real decreto, un estado de excepción, estado que será definido como tal por la ley; la ley regulará las consecuencias.
  2. En este supuesto podrán establecerse excepciones a las disposiciones de la Constitución en materia de las competencias administrativas de provincias, municipios, entidades públicas como las mencionadas en el artículo 132a y comunidades de aguas de dominio público, los derechos fundamentales establecidos en los artículos 6, en lo que se refiera al ejercicio fuera de edificios y en lugares cerrados, del derecho descrito en este artículo, 7, 8, 9, 12, apartados segundo y tercero, y 13, así como en los apartados primero y tercero del artículo 113.
  3. Inmediatamente después de la proclamación de un estado de excepción y además, mientras éste no haya sido levantado por real decreto, los Estados Generales decidirán acerca del mantenimiento del mismo cuantas veces lo estimen necesario; deliberarán y decidirán reunidos en sesión conjunta.

Toelichting

Please note: Only the Dutch-language version of the Constitution has legal effect. 

In certain special circumstances, deviations may be made from the constitutional provisions governing the powers of the administrations of provinces, municipalities, and water boards, as well as from the few specifically mentioned fundamental rights:

  • freedom of religion (Article 6)
  • freedom of expression (Article 7)
  • freedom of association (Article 8)
  • freedom of assembly and demonstration (Article 9)
  • right to privacy in one's home (Article 12)
  • secrecy of correspondence (Article 13).

Furthermore, deviations may be made from the provision in Article 113 stating that only judges may impose a sentence of deprivation of liberty.

The law must specify the cases in which such an exceptional situation applies. The constitutional powers of the government and the States General may never be deviated from.

After the government has declared a state of emergency, the States General decide in joint session whether the state of emergency continues. Even thereafter, they may always take a decision regarding the continuation of a state of emergency. The state of emergency can also be lifted by Royal Decree.

The States of Emergency Coordination Act contains procedural rules for the proclamation and termination of two states of emergency: the limited and the general state of emergency. The Netherlands War Act regulates the proclamation of a state of emergency in the event of war. The powers of the civil authorities during a state of emergency are also regulated by law.